Percentage Change Calculator

Percentage change

Use a non-zero starting value so the percentage change is defined.

Next: final value

Revenue went from 84,000 to 97,500 - how much is that in percent? Stock dropped from 142 to 119 - what is the decline? Percentage change compares a new value to an old value as a fraction of the old. Sign matters: positive numbers are growth, negative numbers are a drop. This calculator takes the two values, shows the formula it used, and gives you both the percent change and the absolute delta.

How to calculate percentage change

  1. 1

    Enter the old value

    The baseline you are comparing against (last year, starting price, initial count).

  2. 2

    Enter the new value

    The current or ending number you want to measure.

  3. 3

    Read the result

    Percent change and raw delta appear immediately, with the formula shown.

  4. 4

    Interpret the sign

    Positive = increase, negative = decrease. Zero means no change.

The formula

percent_change = (new - old) / |old| * 100

The absolute value on the denominator matters when the old value is negative (debt going from -500 to -300 is a 40% improvement, not a -40% drop). If the old value is zero, percentage change is undefined - you cannot describe “going from zero to something” as a percentage of nothing.

Percentage change vs percentage difference

These are not the same thing:

Concept Formula Use when
Percentage change (new - old) / old * 100 One value is a baseline; direction matters
Percentage difference ` a - b

Gotchas people actually hit

  • Reversing growth. A 50% rise does not undo with a 50% cut. 100 -> 150 -> 75. To fully reverse, you need the inverse factor: divide instead of subtracting the same percent.
  • Percent vs percentage points. Unemployment moving from 5% to 7% is a 40% change, but also 2 percentage points. Both are valid; say which you mean.
  • Small base inflates percentages. Going from 2 to 3 is a 50% jump. Going from 200 to 201 is 0.5%. Same absolute change, very different framing.
  • Compounding vs simple. If you chain monthly growth rates, you need to multiply (1 + r) factors, not add the percents.

Typical use cases

  • Year-over-year revenue or user growth.
  • Stock or crypto price moves over a period.
  • Cost savings after a process change.
  • Weight change, training performance, any before/after metric.

Frequently Asked Questions

Percentage change is undefined when the baseline is zero. Report the absolute number instead, or use a log scale / growth factor if the context demands.

Yes. The calculator divides by the absolute value of the old number, so going from -200 to -150 shows as a +25% change (an improvement). Check the sign convention matches your use case.

For a single period, yes. For multi-period compounding, use CAGR (compound annual growth rate) instead - a straight percent change between two points ignores what happened in between.

Nothing leaves your browser. The math runs locally and no inputs are logged.

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